Workplace Safety and NOM Compliance in Mexico

Foreign companies in Mexico are often surprised by the number of workplace regulations (NOMs) issued by the Ministry of Labor (STPS). Some apply to every workplace; others depend on the activity. This guide explains the main ones and how inspections work.

What NOMs are

Normas Oficiales Mexicanas are mandatory technical standards. The workplace safety and health NOMs, identified with the suffix STPS, set requirements for facilities, machinery, chemicals, ergonomics, psychosocial risks and more. Employers must identify which ones apply to their operations and keep evidence of compliance.

NOM-035: psychosocial risk factors

This standard requires every workplace to establish a prevention policy, identify employees exposed to traumatic events, and, depending on headcount, identify psychosocial risk factors and assess the organizational environment using official questionnaires. Re-evaluation is required at least every two years, or annually when risk is high. It applies to all employers, regardless of size.

Other standards commonly applicable

Which standards apply depends on the activity, but many companies need to review:

• Safety and health committee requirements
• Fire prevention and emergency preparedness
• Electrical, machinery and equipment safety
• Handling of hazardous chemicals
• Ergonomics and manual handling of loads
• Teletrabajo safety and health conditions
• Personal protective equipment and signage

Training and documentation

Employers must train employees on safety topics and keep records, including competency certificates (DC-3) for relevant courses. A written safety programme, risk assessments, inspection logs and maintenance records help demonstrate compliance.

How STPS inspections work

Inspectors may visit routinely or after a complaint. They request documents, review facilities and interview employees. Inspections should be handled by a designated person, the inspection order should be verified, and copies of the report requested. Fines are calculated in UMA units and can be significant for serious violations.

Building a compliance calendar

Create a matrix of applicable NOMs, responsible persons and due dates. Schedule committee meetings, drills, NOM-035 evaluations and training. Conduct an annual internal audit before the authorities do. A digital HR system that stores certificates, evaluations and reports makes it much easier to produce evidence on request.

This article is general information, not legal, tax or accounting advice. Mexican law and tax rules change often: confirm current requirements with a qualified Mexican advisor before making decisions.